Immersion Gold PCBs

What is Enig PCB

Enig refers to Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold, is a type of surface plating used for printed circuit boards. ENIG PCBs (also named ENIG PC boards or ENIG circuit board Construction) consists of an underlying layer of nickel with a thin layer of gold over the top. Enig Finish PCB provides various advantages such as high strenght, low contact resistance and etc, so it's widely used in many applications.

Immersion Gold PCB Quote

Capabilities in Manufacturing Immersion Gold PCB

Victory PCB is a professional pcb manufacturer that can produce high-quality immersion gold PCB products. Check our PCB manufacturing capabilities in the following table:
Surface Finish	Content	Technological Capability
Hot Air Solder Leveling(Include:Lead-Free)	Min. panel size	155*255mm
	Max. panel size	600*622mm
	Board thickness	0.60 - 3.20mm
	Solder thickness	Standard: 1- 40um
	Solder thickness	Advance: 5 - 40um
	Minimum spacing form SMT pad	0.2mm (with s/m brigde)
	Minimum spacing form SMT pad	0.25mm (without s/m bridge)
	Ground to ground or ground to track Spacing	0.20mm
OSP	Min. panel size	75*75mm
	Max. panel size	610*610mm
	Board thickness	0.40 - 3.20mm
	Coating thickness	0.20 - 0.50um
Immersion gold (According to IPC-4552-WAM1-2)	Board thickness	0.20 - 3.2mm
	Nickel thickness	3.0-6.0μm
	Gold thickness	Min. 0.025um
Immersion Ag (According to IPC-4553A)	Max panel size	406*533mm
	Board thickness	0.20 - 3.2mm
	Immersion Ag thickness	0.05 - 0.3um
Immersion Tin (According to IPC-4554)	Max panel size	406*533mm
	Board thickness	0.20 - 3.2mm
	Immersion Tin thickness	0.75 - 1.2um

The Advantages & Disadvantages of Immersion Gold PCB

Electroless nickel immersion gold is a two layer metallic coating of 2-8 μin Au over 120-240 μin Ni. The Nickel is the barrier to the copper and is the surface to which the components are actually soldered to. The gold protects the nickel during storage and also provides the low contact resistance required for the thin gold deposits. ENIG is now arguably the most used finish in the PCB industry due the growth and implementation of the RoHs regulation.

	Advantages	Disadvantages
Enig PCBs	• Easy process mechanism • Flat surfaceh • Long Shelf Life • Good oxidation resistance • High temperature resistance • Good electric performance • Good for PTH (Plated Through Holes) • No Pb • Good thermal diffusion	• Expensive • Black Pad / Black Nickel • Signal Loss (RF) • Not Re-workable • Damage from ET • Complicated Process

Difference Between Immersion Gold and Gold Plating

There are some differences between immersion gold and gold plating as follows:

Gold thickness in immersion gold board is more than that in a gold plating board. Immersion gold board is more yellow than a gold-plating board, that’s because gold-plating board has the color of nickel.
Compared with gold plate, immersion gold has a denser crystal structure and it is not easy to be oxidized.
The immersion gold board has only nickel gold on the pad, so the soldering on the line is more firmly combined with the copper layer. The project does not affect the spacing when making compensation.
With the strict requirements for higher precision in PCB fabrication process, line width and spacing have below 0.1mm. Gold-plating board is easier to produce short circuit than immersion gold board.
The flatness and service life of immersion gold board is better than the gold plating board.
Their crystal structures are different. Comparatively speaking, immersion gold is easier to be soldered with less poor solder issues. Immersion gold board is easier to control the stress, which is benefit for the bonding products. At the same time, immersion gold has a poor anti - abrasion when doing gold finger as immersion gold is more flexible than plating gold.

Besides immersion gold and gold plating, there are more common surface finishes used in PCB manufacturing such as HASL / Lead Free HASL, Immersion Tin, immersion Silver, OSP / Entek and hard gold pcb surface finish.

If you aren't sure what you will need? Consult with a PCB fabricator prior to you making a selection. This will ensure that the combination of the surface finish and material will result in a high-yielding, cost-effective design that will perform as expected.

THE Enig Plating Process

To achieve an ENIG finish on your PCB, there are several steps that you should follow:

Step 1: the surfaces and vias intended for the finish first have a nickel layer applied to the copper in an electroless process as a diffusion barrier.

Step 2: a thin gold finish is applied. The gold adheres to the nickel-plated areas through a molecular exchange, which will protect the nickel until the soldering process.

Immersion Gold PCB FAQs

1. What is immersion gold PCB?
Electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG or ENi/IAu), also known as immersion gold (Au), chemical Ni/Au or soft gold, is a metal plating process used in the manufacture of printed circuit boards (PCBs), to avoid oxidation and improve the solderability of copper contacts and plated through-holes.
2. What is immersion gold plating?
Direct Immersion Gold is a process in which gold is plated directly on copper as a surface finish for printed circuit board and package applications.
3. What is the difference between ENIG and immersion gold?
Immersion gold provides good plating around the holes in the circuit board. The gold plating is gold wire bondable, and can be soldered easily. ENIG surface finish is best for fine pitch products because the tracks or pads are square-edged and flat.
4. What is the difference between PCB immersion silver and gold?
Immersion gold has a layer of nickel under it, which provides it with physical strength. As there is no nickel layer under immersion silver, its physical strength is lower than that of immersion gold. Immersion silver requires more care for storage and handling than immersion tin does.
5. How thick is immersion gold?
ENIG plating thickness of each layer should be between 0.05 to 0.23 µm for the immersion gold layer and 2.5 to 5.0 µm for the electroless nickel. The thicker the immersion gold layer, the more likely it is to result in a black pad due to process complications.
6. What is the advantage of immersion plating?
Immersion plating alters metal surfaces to improve: Wear and corrosion resistance. Electrical resistance. Electrical conductivity..

Get custom Immersion Gold PCB that authenticates your business products and makes it an element for quick turnaround at a first go! At VictoryPCB, we work with each customer to ensure they get the boards they need, the way they need them. Contact us today for a quote for your specifications.